Colours & Dyes by Thomas Maschmeyer

Table of Contents

Introduction

Introduction, General Considerations
[1] [2]

Introduction, Definitions
[1] [2]

Introduction, Colour Index
[1] [2] [3] [4]

Introduction, Historical
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Introduction

Introduction, Production of Colorants
[1] [2] [3]

Introduction, Commercial
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Basic Concepts of Colour
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Empirical correlations between chemical structures of colorants and their colour
[1] [2] [3]

Physical correlations between chemical structures of colorants and their colour
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]

Summary of main classes of dyes

POLYENE AND POLYMETHINE DYES
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]

Applications of Carotenoids

Carotenoids in Foods
[1] [2]

Structure of Polymethine Dyes
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]

Cyanidine

Technical syntheses of polymethine dyes

Symmetric (Z = Z’) or asymmetric (Z ? Z’) trimethine cyanine

Technical syntheses examples
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Di- and triarylmethine dyes
[1] [2]

Syntheses of di- and triarylmethine dyes
[1] [2]

Azo dyes and pigments
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

Disperse Azodyes
[1] [2]

Azoic dyes
[1] [2]

Carbonyl Dyes

Carbonyl Dyes, Indigo
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]

Carbonyl Dyes, Alizarin

Carbonyl Dyes, early Alizarin

Fluorescent Brighteners
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Non-textile applications of Dyes

Experiment: Azo-dyes

Experiment: Indigo Synthesis

Experiment: Anthocyanin pH dependence

Experiment: Preparation of Mauvein

Internet links

• Solid Color, as suggested by BYK additives and instruments [2014/01/21]
• Farbstoffe - Dyes, Das Farbenlexikon von Thomas Seilnacht [German] [2014/01/21]
• "Acid Dye."
  Encyclopædia Britannica. [2014/01/21]
  
• "Raw materials for manufacture of dyes."
  Encyclopædia Britannica. [2014/01/21]
  
• BASF product portfolio: dyes [2014/01/21]
• Novartis - Geiga, Ciba and Sandoz 'how it all began' [2014/01/21]
• AkzoNobel, Sikkens Experience Center History [2014/01/21]
• "Liquid Crystal."
  Encyclopædia Britannica. [2014/01/21]

Literature

• Christie R.M., Mather R.R., Wardman R.H., The Chemistry of Colour Application, 2000, Cornwall, Great Britain
• Waring David R., Hallas G., The chemistry and application of dyes, 1990, New York, USA
• Gregory, P., High-Technology applications of organic colorants,1991, New York, USA
• Herbst W., Hunger K., Industrial Organic Pigments, 1993, Weinheim, Germany
• Zollinger H., Color A Multidisciplinary Approach, Zürich, 1999
• Peters A.T., Freeman H.S., Colour Chemistry, 1991, New York, USA
• Carr C.M., Chemistry of Textiles Industry, 1995, London, UK
• Shore J., Colorants and auxiliaries Volume 1-Colorants, 1990, Manchester, England
• Cooper P., Colour in dyehouse effluent, 1995, Nottingham, England
• Johnson A., The Theory of coloration of textiles, 1989, Bradford, England
• Tyrone L.V., Textile Processing and Properties, 1994, New Orleans, LA, USA
• Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology, fourth edn., John Wiley, New York, 1994

About the author

From 1998 until 2003 Thomas Maschmeyer held a position as professor of Applied Organic Chemistry and Catalysis at the Delft University of Technology. [DelftChemTech - now ChemE]

Before Maschmeyer was assistent director of the Davy Faraday Research Laboratory at The Royal Institution of Great Britain and held a position at the Chemistry faculty of the University of Cambridge.

Maschmeyer's areas of interest are:

• Catalysis
• Renewable Feedstocks (Hydrogen, Biomass)
• Sustainable Processes (Green Chemistry)
• High Throughput Experimentation (Robots, Automation)
• Micro- and Mesoporous Nano-sized Materials
• Computational Chemistry
• Enantioselective Reactions